Science That Made a Difference Summer 1996 (AI 4.2) AI Home | Magazine Choice | Topics | Store | Contact us To order this magazine issue or subscribe Front Cover: Azerbaijanis have made great contributions in the field of science, particularly in physics. Here Laser beams converging on microchips. The gaseous laser was invented by Azerbaijani descendant, Ali Javan, who now works at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts. See the article on page 14. Photo: Westlight / Chuck O'Rear. Back Cover: "Two Fighting Cocks" by Kamal Ahmad (1986). Contact his widow, Elmira Ahmadov (994-12) 71-98-54 to see Kamal's studio. Azerbaijanis have contributed to science on a world class level. Read Dr. Ali Javan's recollections of inventing the Gas Laser in 1960 which has myriad applications from the scanners at supermarket checkout counters, to fiber optics so prevalent in telecommunications. Javan is at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and is of Azerbaijani descent as is true with Lotfi Zadeh, creator of "Fuzzy Logic" (1965) who lives in Berkeley, California. 6 Reader's Forum 9 Editorial 10 Baku Diary: Passport to World Market Economy: English Language - Susan Cornnell 14 Scientists Who Made A Difference: Ali Javan, The Gas Laser and Beyond - Ali Javan with Blair 19 Presidential Interview: Heydar Aliyev - Betty Blair 21 Academy of Sciences: 50th Jubilee 24 Jawbones and Dragon Legends: Azerbaijan's Prehistoric Azikh Cave - Dr. Arif Mustafayev (Latin-page 28) 30 Baku's Maiden Tower: Legendary Monument of Mystery - Dr. Seyran Valiyev 34 Scientists Who Made A Difference: Azad Mirzajanzade - Anne Kressler 35 Scientists Who Made A Difference: Tusi and the Maragha Observatory - Dr. Chingiz Qajar 36 SOCAR Section Oil Development in Azerbaijan since Last Year's Oil Exhibition - Natig Aliyev AIOC Current Developments - Einar Bergh Angolan President: Jose Eduardo dos Santos, Graduate from Baku's Oil Academy The Development of the Oil & Gas Industry in Azerbaijan - Dr. Khoshbakht Yusifzade 56 Diplomatic Interview: A Conversation with the Three US Ambassadors to the Caucasus - Blair 60 Scientists Who Made A Difference: Bahram Askerov: Solid State Physics - Marcus Hopkins 62 "Tilt to Armenia" - Washington Post Editorial 64 LUKoil Enters the Telecommunications Business 65 Back to Baku! British Bank of the Middle East - Alan Wilkinson 66 "Surf's Up!" in Azerbaijan. The Internet: A Progress Update 70 Biplanes and Seaplanes: Beginning of Aviation in Azerbaijan - Fuad Akhundov and Nina Fischeva 72 Modern Math or When 1 + 1 = 135 - Anne Kressler 73 Azerbaijan Prepares for the Summer Olympics 74 Business Opportunities 75 Facilitating Investment in Azerbaijan: The US Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce - Galib Mammad 76 Music in the Air: Friend's Foundation Sponsors Music Program 78 Sustaining the Spirit of Azerbaijan via Contemporary Persian Literature: Rahim Raisnia "The Glorious Poets of Azerbaijani History - Ali Azeri 86 Azerbaijan International's 1996 Bilingual Resource Directory From Azerbaijan International (4.2) Summer 1996. © Azerbaijan International 1996. All rights reserved. AI Home | Magazine Choice | Topics | Store | Contact us